Cooking-stove



2 Sheets- Sheet 1.

J. S. HARKINS.

(No Model.)

-GOKING STOVB.

Patented Mar. I, 1892.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES S. I-IARKIN S, ,OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

-COOKING-STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part `of Letters Patent No. 469,739, dated March 1, 1892.

Application lecl October 25, 1890. Serial No. 369,294. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES S. HARKINS, of Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota,have invented certain I mprovements in Cooking-Stoves, of which the following is a specication.

My invention relates to improvements in stoves designed especially for the consumption of lignite coal, its object being to provide means for the thorough consumptiongof the coal and all the gases thrown oif therefrom.

To this end my invention 'consists in providing'a stove, preferably of a circular or oval form in horizontal section, having a central fire-pot, an oven 'arranged above the same, a heating-top arranged around the fire-pot and near its base, and in providing double walls for the fire-pot, thus forming a surrounding superheating-chamber, a Haring bottom for the fire-pot, inlet-openings for the superheating-chamber from the top of the fire-pot, and outlet-openings at the lower edge of the firepot, an inlet air-hue communicating with the top of the superheating-chamber, and a conical grate extending upward within the iiared portion of the fire-pot, the daring portion of the fire-pot extending beneath the top of the stove.

Myinvention consists, further,in various details of construction, andin combinations hereinafter described, and particularly pointed outin the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a cooking-stove embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the grate used therein. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view of the stove shown in Fig. 1 as seen from the line thereof.

As shown in Fig. 3, the oval plate or top 2 of the stove is provided with the usual griddle holes and lids. The form of the stove is, for convenience of manufacture and use, preferably oval, though any other suitable form might be given the same. v The grate is provided above the ash-pit 5, and is supported upon suitable lugs 6, provided in the bottom 7 of th'ere-pot. The fire-pot 8 has the form of an inverted cup and is provided with the lower flanged edges 9, as shown in Fig. 1. A second wall 10 is arranged around the walls of the fire-pot 8, so as to form a closed cham* ber 11 between the two walls. The outer wall extends down over the flanged portion and in practicev may be formed in the same piece withthe fire-pot. A rounded lower edge is made thereby. The top of the fire-pot and the top of the chamber 11 are both closed by the heavy plate 12, extending across over the same. The outer walls 13 of the stove are arranged ata convenient distance away from the fire-pot and are preferably extended up around the oven 14, provided above thefire-pot. A large smoke-chamber 15 is thus provided upon three sides, the top, and a portion of the bottom of the oven, thereby insuring a high temperature inthe oven. The smoke-chamber 15 is connected with the chimney-flue through the opening 16, provided in the top wall 17 of the smoke-chamber 15. As shown, considerable space is preferably left between the top plate 2 and the plate '7, thus forming a direct heating-chamber 18, extending all around beneath the griddle-holes. The grate 4 may be a simple hat grate of a shape conforming to the oval form of the stove; but I preferably employ the convex form of grate, as shown in Fig. 1, in which the raise or hump 19 is provided through the middle thereof. As shown, a number of openings or holes 2O are provided in the top walls of the fire-pot 8, opening from the saine into the superheating-charnber 11. Leading from the lower end of the chamber 11 are small openings. (Shown most clearly in the detail, Fig. 4.) The combined area of these openings or holes is preferably greater than that of the holes 20. The inlet-pipe 22 is connected with the chamber 11, as shown, and is adapted to convey fresh air from the room into the same. I preferably provide the hot-water reservoir 23, having the water-pipe 24 extending through the top of the fire-pot- 8, through Which the water from the reservoir is adapted to circulate. In order to cool the oven 14, and thus prevent the same from getting too hot, I provide the chamber 25 beneath the bottom of the oven and the top of the hre-pot 8. A damper-opening 26 is provided in front'of the stove and through this air is admitted to the chamber 25 to cool the bottom of the oven. If desired, I may also provide the slots 27 in the bottom of the oven, admitting the air directly into the same from ICO the chamber 25. I also provide a series of openings 35 in the top of the rear wall of the oven, through which the hot air will pass from the oven directly into the smoke-chamber 15.

My stove is constructed in such a way as to utilize not only the heat arising from the fuel, but also the gases arising from the coal which are usually allowed to pass olf with the smoke. The fuel is put into the repot through the door-sleeve 28 and falls upon the grate, filling up the space between the same and the llanged portion of the firepot and extending some distance up into the cylindrical part of the fire-pot. If the fire were being kindled,the direct damper 29 would be thrown down into its horizontal position to allow the smoke to pass off quickly. After the lire is started, however, the damper 29 is thrown back into the position indicated, after which the products of combustion are compelled to seek a passage to'the chimney out under the lower edge of the tire-pot. The draft for the main part of the burning fuel enters through the slide in the ash-pit door and passes up into the top of the convex portion of the grate, and thence between the bars thereof into the coal. A portion of the air thus entersthe burningfuel at a point above the lower line thereof, thus insuring the combustion of all of the fuel. In this way the whole fire-pot and the heating-chamber 11 is heated up toahigh degree. The holes in the lower part of the chamber l1 being larger than those in the top of the re-pot, the draft will naturally be from the top of the tire-pot, through the opening 20, down through the chamber, and out through the gas-openings in the lower edge of the heating-chamber. Thus it will be seen that a large volume of combustible gas is constantly being carried out of the chamber 1l. At the same time fresh air is constantly flowing or beingdrawn into the said chamber through the inlet-pipe 22. This air mixes with the gas, furnishing a sufficient supply of oxygen to insure practically complete combustion. As the llames arise around the lower edges of the fire-pot from the fuel therein, these jets of gas are ignited, thus forming a second heating device, so to speak, on the lower edge of the lire-pot. A large number of the holes are provided therein, and hence a great number of gas-jets will shoot out all around the edge thereof and against the top2 and lids 3. The smoke and unconsumed gases will all pass 0E through the smoke-chamber between the fire-pot and the outerwalls of the stove, and thence up around the oven and out through the smoke-pipe. As the stove is constructed the greatest heat from the fuel is around the bottom of the repot, the top of the coal in the repot being barely red.

In order to prevent the gases from the lire- .pot making their exit into the room when the stove-door is opened, I may connect the door with the direct-draft damper, so that when the door is opened the said damper is swung open, thereby allowing the gases to pass olf freely. This, however, as a usual thing, is unnecessary, owing to the fact that as the door is opened the cold air is immediately drawn through the same and down through the coals.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination, in a cooking-stove, of the fire-pot 8, having openings 20, with the walls 10, forming the chamber 11, said chamber having outlet-openings arranged in its lower walls, the outer walls 13 of thestove forming a smoke-chamber between the walls of the chamber 11 and the walls 13, the top plate provided with the griddle-holes, the chamber 18, arranged beneath the same, and a suitable smoke-outlet arrangedy in connection with said smokechamber, substantially as described.

2. In a stove, the combination of a fire-pot having double walls forming a chamber, the inner walls thereof being provided with openings leading into said chamber, with an air- 'Ilue communicating with the top of said chamber, said chamber provided at the lower edge of the fire-pot with outlet-openings, a flat stove-top and lower walls extending down therefrom and forming therewith a chamber surrounding the bottom of the fire-pot and communicating therewith, substantially as described.

3. In a stove, the combination of a lire-pot having a flaring bottom with double walls for said fire-pot, forming .a superheating chamber, the inner walls thereof provided with openings leading from thenceinto said chamber, the lower edge walls of said chamber provided with gas-outlets of greater capacity than the openings first mentioned, a grate beneath the flaring part of the re-pot, and airinlets beneath said grate and at the top of the superheating-chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a stove, the combination, with the inverted cup-shaped fire-pot having a closed top, of an oven arranged above the same, and an intermediate air-chamber having an inlet communicating with the outer air and an outlet of less area communicating with the smokeflue, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a stove, the combination of the inverted cup-shaped lire-pot having the closed top, with a grate beneath the open lower end of said pot, a coal-door in the side of said pot, a closed smoke-chamber arranged about said tire-pot and grate, means for creating an upward draft through said fire-pot, whereby the coal is made to burn therein, an oven. ar-

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ranged in the upper part of said smoke-chamber and directly over said tire-pot, whereby it is subjected to the greatest possible heat, an air-chamber arranged between the top of said pot and the lloor of the oven, and an opening through the walls of the stove and into said same, a grate beneath the fire-pot, and a direct Hue connection through said fire-pot, provided witha damper 29, as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 21st day of October, 1890.

JAMES S. HARKINS.

In presence of- A. M. GASKILL, v C. G. HAWLEY. 

